groff_www - groff macros for authoring web pages
groff -mwww [ options ] file ...
This manual page describes the GNU -mwww macro package, which is part of the
groff document formatting system. The manual page is very a basic guide, and
the html device driver (grohtml) has been completely rewritten but
still remains as in an alpha state. It has been included into the distribution
so that a lot of people have a chance to test it. Note that this macro file
will be automatically called (via the troffrc file) if you use
-Thtml.
To see the hyperlinks in action, please format this man page with
the grohtml device.
Here is a summary of the functions found in this macro set.
.JOBNAME split output into multiple files
.HX automatic heading level cut off;
$1 point for sections/headers
.BCL specify colours on a web page
.BGIMG specify background image
.URL create a url using two parameters
.FTP create an ftp reference
.MTO create a html email address
.FTP create an ftp reference
.TAG generate an html name
.IMG include an image file
.PIMG include png image
.MPIMG place png on the margin and
wrap text around it
.HnS begin heading
.HnE end heading
.LK emit automatically collected links.
.HR produce a horizontal rule
.NHR suppress automatic generation of rules.
.HTL only generate HTML title
.HEAD add data to <head> block
.ULS unorder list begin
.ULE unorder list end
.OLS ordered list begin
.OLE ordered list end
.DLS definition list begin
.DLE definition list end
.LI insert a list item
.DC generate a drop capital
.HTML pass an html raw request to the
device driver
.CDS code example begin
.CDE code example end
Output of the pic, eqn, refer, and tbl
preprocessors is acceptable as input.
- .JOBNAME filename
- Split output into multiple HTML files. A file is split whenever a .SH or
.NH 1 is encountered. Its argument is the file stem name for future
output files. This option is equivalent to grohtml's -j
option.
- .HX n
- Specify the cut off depth when generating links from section headings. For
example, a parameter of 2 would cause grohtml to generate a
list of links for .NH 1 and .NH 2 but not for
.NH 3. Whereas
- will tell grohtml that no heading links should be created at all.
Another method for turning automatic headings off is by issuing the the
command line switch -P-l to groff.
- .BCL foreground background active not-visited visited
- This macro takes five parameters: foreground, background, active hypertext
link, hypertext link not yet visited, and visited hypertext link
colour.
- .BGIMG imagefile
- the only parameter to this macro is the background image file.
- .URL url [description] [after]
- generates a URL using either one, two or three arguments. The first
parameter is the actual URL, the second is the name of the link, and the
third is optional stuff to be printed immediately afterwards. If
description and after are absent then the url becomes
the anchor text. Hyphenation is disabled while printing the actual URL;
explicit breakpoints should be inserted with the \: escape. Here is
how to encode
- .URL http://\:foo.\:org/ foo :
- If this is processed by a device other than -Thtml it appears
as:
- The URL macro can be of any type; for example we can reference by:
- .URL pic.html "Eric Raymond's pic guide"
- .MTO address [description] [after]
- Generate an email html reference. The first argument is mandatory as the
email address. The optional second argument is the text you see in your
browser If an empty argument is given, address is used instead. An
optional third argument is stuff printed immediately afterwards.
Hyphenation is disabled while printing the actual email address. For
example, was achieved by the following macro:
- .MTO joe@user.org "Joe User"
- Note that all the URLs actually are treated as consuming no textual space
in groff. This could be considered as a bug since it causes some problems.
To circumvent this, www.tmac inserts a zero-width character which
expands to a harmless space (only if run with -Thtml).
- .FTP url [description] [after]
- indicates that data can be obtained via ftp. The first argument is the url
and the second is the browser text. A third argument, similar to the
macros above, is intended for stuff printed immediately afterwards. The
second and the third parameter are optional. Hyphenation is disabled while
printing the actual URL. As an example, here the location of the The macro
example above was specified by:
- .FTP ftp://\:ftp.gnu.org/ "GNU ftp server" .
- .TAG name
- Generates an html name tag from its argument. This can then be referenced
using the macro. As you can see, you must precede the tag name with
# since it is a local reference. This link was achieved via placing
a TAG in the URL description above; the source looks like this:
-
.TP
.B URL
generates
.TAG URL
a URL using either two or three arguments.
...
- .IMG [-R|-L|-C] filename [width] [height]
- Include a picture into the document. The first argument is the horizontal
location: right, left, or center (-R, -L, or -C).
Alignment is centered by default (-C). The second argument is the
filename. The optional third and fourth arguments are the width and
height. If the width is absent it defaults to 1 inch. If the height
is absent it defaults to the width. This maps onto an html img tag. If you
are including a png image then it is advisable to use the PIMG
macro.
- .PIMG [-R|-L|-C] filename [width [height]]
- Include an image in PNG format. This macro takes exactly the same
parameters as the IMG macro; it has the advantage of working with
postscript and html devices also since it can automatically convert the
image into the EPS format, using the following programs of the
netpbm package: pngtopnm, pnmcrop, and
pnmtops. If the document isn't processed with -Thtml it is
necessary to use the -U option of groff.
- .MPIMG [-R|-L] [-G gap] filename [width [height]]
- Place a PNG image on the margin and wrap text around it. The first
parameters are optional. The alignment: left or right (-L or
-R) specifies the margin where the picture is placed at. The
default alignment is left (-L). Optionally,
-G gap can be used to arrange a gap between the
picture and the text that wraps around it. The default gap width is zero.
The first non-optional argument is the filename. The optional following
arguments are the width and height. If the width is absent it defaults to
1 inch. If the height is absent it defaults to the width.
Example:
-
.MPIMG -L -G 2c foo.png 3c 1.5c
- The height and width may also be given as percentages. The PostScript
device calculates the width from the .l register and the height
from the .p register. For example:
-
.MPIMG -L -G 2c foo.png 15%
- .HnS n
- Begin heading. The numeric heading level n is specified by the
first parameter. Use this macro if your headings contain URL, FTP or MTO
macros. Example:
-
.HnS 1
.HR
GNU Troff
.URL http://groff.ffii.org (Groff)
— a
.URL http://www.gnu.org/ GNU
project.
Hosted by
.URL http://ffii.org/ FFII .
.HR
.HnE
- In this case you might wish to disable automatic links to headings. This
can be done via -P-l from the command line.
- .HnE
- End heading.
- .LK
- Force grohtml to place the automatically generated links at this position.
If this manual page has been processed with -Thtml those links can
be seen right here.
- .HR
- Generate a full-width horizontal rule for -Thtml. No effect for all
other devices.
- .NHR
- Suppress generation of the top and bottom rules which grohtml emits by
default.
- .HTL
- Generate an HTML title only. This differs from the TL macro of the
ms macro package which generates both an HTML title and an
<H1> heading. Use it to provide an HTML title as search engine
fodder but a graphic title in the document. The macro terminates when a
space or break is seen (.sp, .br).
- .HEAD
- Add arbitrary HTML data to the <head> block. Ignored if not
processed with -Thtml. Example:
-
.HEAD "<link \
rel=""icon"" \
type=""image/png"" \
href=""http://foo.org//bar.png""/>"
- .HTML
- All text after this macro is treated as raw html. If the document is
processed without -Thtml then the macro is ignored. Internally,
this macro is used as a building block for other higher-level macros.
- For example, the BGIMG macro is defined as
-
.de BGIMG
. HTML <body background=\$1>
..
- .DC l text [color]
- Produce a drop capital. The first parameter is the letter to be dropped
and enlarged, the second parameter text is the ajoining text whose
height the first letter should not exceed. The optional third parameter is
the color of the dropped letter. It defaults to black.
- .CDS
- Start displaying a code section in constant width font.
- .CDE
- End code display
By default grohtml generates links to all section headings and places
these at the top of the html document. (See for details of how to switch this
off or alter the position).
tbl information is currently rendered as a PNG image.
groff(1), troff(1) grohtml(1), netpbm(1)
Report bugs to the Include a complete, self-contained example that will allow
the bug to be reproduced, and say which version of groff you are using.